A matsayin tushen wutar lantarki da aka yi amfani da shi sosai a cikin filin masana'antu, matsa lamba iska yana da 10% ~ 35% na yawan amfani da makamashi a cikin samar da masana'antu.Kashi 96% na makamashin da ake amfani da shi na tsarin iska mai matsa lamba shine amfani da injin kwampreso na masana'antu, kuma yawan wutar lantarki da ake amfani da shi na kwampresar masana'antu a kasar Sin a shekara ya kai fiye da kashi 6% na yawan wutar lantarkin kasa.Na'urar kwampreso ta iska ta hanyar farashin siye, farashin kulawa da farashin aiki na makamashi, ta ka'idar cikakken kimantawa ta rayuwa, farashin saye ya kai kusan 10% kawai, yayin da farashin makamashi ya kai 77%.Hakan ya nuna cewa, kasar Sin na bukatar kara kaimi wajen inganta yadda ake amfani da makamashin da ake amfani da shi ta hanyar dakon iska a yayin aiwatar da gyare-gyaren masana'antu da tattalin arziki.
Tare da zurfafa fahimtar matsa lamba iska da makamashi ceto da kuma watsi da buƙatun masana'antu, yana da gaggawa don zaɓar fasahar da ta dace zuwa tsarin da ake da shi don sauye-sauyen makamashin makamashi ya kasance don cimma sakamako mafi kyau na ceton makamashi.A cikin shekaru biyu da suka gabata, bincike kan kamfanonin masana'antu na kasar Sin, ya nuna cewa, bukatu na gyare-gyaren makamashi da makamashi ya taso ne daga bangarori uku masu zuwa:
Yawan amfani da makamashin kwampreshin iska ya yi yawa da yawa na yawan wutar lantarki;matsa lamba tsarin samar da rashin zaman lafiya, matsa lamba sauye-sauye da sauran tasiri akan aikin al'ada na kayan aiki;tare da fadada sikelin samarwa, kasuwancin ainihin tsarin iska mai matsa lamba don haɓaka canji don daidaitawa da haɓakar buƙatu.Saboda da halaye na sha'anin matsa iska tsarin da m makamashi-ceton fasaha ne daban-daban, domin inganta nasarar kudi na canji, makamashi-ceton canji ba za a iya makantar.Yana da mahimmanci musamman don zaɓar matakan ceton makamashi masu dacewa bisa cikakken bincike, gwaji da kimanta tsarin duka.Marubutan sun yi nazari tare da binciko halaye da iyakokin aikace-aikacen wasu fasahohin ceton makamashi da ke wanzuwa da masu tasowa ta hanyar bincikar amfani da iska mai matsa lamba a cikin manyan masana'antu na masana'antu.
Dabarun Ajiye Makamashi Tsari
Dangane da ka'idar tsarin pneumatic tsarin kimanta amfani da makamashi da kuma nazarin asarar makamashi, farawa daga bangarori daban-daban na tsarin tsarin, ana ɗaukar matakan ceton makamashi gaba ɗaya kamar haka:
Ƙirƙirar iska mai matsewa.Daidaitaccen ma'auni da kulawa da nau'ikan compressors daban-daban, haɓaka yanayin aiki, sarrafa kayan aikin tsabtace iska na yau da kullun.Harkokin sufuri na matsa lamba.Inganta ingantaccen tsarin sadarwar bututun mai, rabuwa da manyan bututun samar da matsi da matsa lamba;kulawa na ainihi na rarraba amfani da iska, dubawa na yau da kullum da kuma rage yawan zubar da jini, inganta asarar matsa lamba a gidajen abinci.Amfani da matsa lamba.Haɓaka da'irar tuƙi na Silinda, yin amfani da samfuran ceton makamashi da aka haɓaka don wannan masana'antar, kamar bawul ɗin ceton iska na musamman don harsashi na silinda a cikin masana'antar aluminium electrolytic, da bindigogin iska mai ceton makamashi da nozzles.Compressor sharar da zafi dawo da.Ana dawo da zafin da ake samu yayin danne iska ta hanyar musayar zafi, da dai sauransu, kuma ana amfani da shi don dumama dumama da sarrafa kayan aiki, da dai sauransu.
Ƙirƙirar iska mai matsewa
1 Single iska kwampreso makamashi ceto
A halin yanzu, mafi yawan amfani da injin damfarar iska a masana'antu sun kasu kashi biyu zuwa reciprocating, centrifugal da dunƙule.Har yanzu ana amfani da nau'in maimaitawa da yawa a wasu tsoffin masana'antu;nau'in centrifugal ana amfani dashi ko'ina a cikin masana'antar yadi tare da ingantaccen aiki da ingantaccen aiki, amma yana da saurin haɓaka lokacin da matsa lamba na tsarin ya canza ba zato ba tsammani.Babban matakan ceton makamashin da ake amfani da su su ne: tabbatar da tsaftar iskar da ake shigowa da ita, musamman masana'antun masaku don yin aiki mai kyau na tacewa, domin a tace gajerun zaruruwa a cikin iska.Rage zafin shigar da kwampreshin iska don inganta aiki.Lubricating man fetur matsa lamba a kan centrifuge rotor vibration yana da babban tasiri, da zabi na lubricating man fetur dauke da antifoaming jamiái da hadawan abu da iskar shaka stabilizers.Kula da ingancin ruwa mai sanyaya, madaidaicin zubar da ruwa mai sanyaya, shirin sake cika ruwa.Ya kamata a fitar da wuraren fitar da na'urar damfara, na'urar bushewa, tankin ajiya da kuma hanyar sadarwar bututu a kai a kai.Don hana hunhuwar da ke haifar da saurin sauye-sauyen buƙatun iska, da dai sauransu, kula da daidaita madaidaicin band da lokacin da naúrar ta saita, kuma a yi ƙoƙarin guje wa rage yawan amfani da iska.Zaɓi centrifuges mataki uku tare da tasirin ceton makamashi mai ban mamaki, kuma kuyi ƙoƙarin amfani da manyan injinan matsa lamba don rage asarar layi da kiyaye yanayin zafi na tashar matsin iska.
Dunƙule iska kwampreso ne yadu amfani, da wadannan mayar da hankali a kan dunƙule iska kwampreso iko yanayin kwatanta taƙaitaccen: nazarin halin yanzu iska kwampreso loading / saukewa da kuma akai matsa lamba tsari matsaloli, za a iya kammala: dogara da inji wajen daidaita mashiga bawul, iska wadata iya. kar a kasance da sauri kuma a ci gaba da daidaitawa.Lokacin da adadin iskar gas ke canzawa akai-akai, babu makawa karfin samar da wutar lantarki yana canzawa sosai.Ana amfani da sarrafa mitar mai tsafta don dacewa da jujjuyawar amfani da iska a cikin masana'anta ta hanyar ƙara mai sauya mitar don daidaita samar da iska na compressor iska.Rashin hasara shi ne cewa tsarin ya dace da halin da ake ciki cewa canjin wutar lantarki na masana'anta ba shi da girma (sauyi shine 40% ~ 70% na injin guda ɗaya na samar da iska kuma tasirin ceton makamashi shine mafi mahimmanci).
2 Tsarin sarrafa ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun iska
Tsarin ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun iska ya zama sabuwar fasahar sarrafa ƙungiyar kwampreso da makamashi.Tsarin sarrafawa bisa ga canje-canjen buƙatar matsa lamba, Admiral iko na nau'i-nau'i daban-daban suna farawa da dakatarwa, saukewa da saukewa, da dai sauransu, don kiyaye tsarin ya kasance lambar da ta dace da kuma iya aiki na compressor a cikin aiki.
Tsarin kula da gida ta hanyar sarrafa mitar mai canzawa don canza saurin kwampreshin iska guda ɗaya a cikin masana'antar samar da iskar gas mai ƙarancin ƙarfi don sarrafa na'urar kwampreso na iska lokacin samar da iskar gas, wanda ya dace da tsarin samar da iskar gas mai ƙarancin ma'aikata tare da ƙarami. canje-canje a cikin adadin gas.Gabaɗaya zaɓin canjin mitar mai kwampreso na iska, buƙatar zama tsarin ƙwararru don aiwatar da cikakken gwaji da lissafi don yanke shawara.Ta hanyar bincike da kwatancen da ke sama, ana iya samun su: yawancin ƙarfin tsarin mu na iska mai ƙarfi yana da ɗaki mai yawa don haɓakawa.Canjin canjin mitar kwampreso zai iya cimma tasirin ceton makamashi kawai ta hanyar haɗawa tare da aikin tsarin iska na kamfani, wanda ke buƙatar cikakken gwadawa da kimantawa ta kwararru kafin amfani.Air kwampreso kungiyar gwani kula tsarin ne musamman dace da mahara iska kwampreso gudu a lokaci guda, aiwatar da mataki hade sanyi, zai iya da kyau saduwa da bukatun na kamfanoni.
3 matsa lamba iska bushewa tsari inganta
A halin yanzu, mafi yawan amfani da busassun iska da kayan aiki don masana'antu shine nau'in firiji, babu nau'in farfadowa na zafi da nau'in haɓakar haɓakar ƙananan zafi, babban kwatancen aikin yana nunawa a cikin tebur da ke ƙasa.
Canjin ceton makamashi na layin tsaro don bin ka'idodi masu zuwa: Idan tsarin asali na iska ya yi tsayin daka mai tsafta, canza zuwa ƙananan magani mai dacewa.Inganta tsarin bushewa, rage asarar matsin lamba na hanyar haɗin maganin bushewa (asarar matsa lamba a bushewar wasu tsarin har zuwa 0.05 ~ 0.1MPa), rage yawan amfani da makamashi.
Harkokin sufuri na matsa lamba
1 tsarin bututun tsarin jiang bai kamata ya wuce 1.5% na matsin aiki ba.A halin yanzu, yawancin tashoshi na iska ba su da bututun firamare da na sakandare, da yawan gwiwar hannu da lanƙwasa, yawan bugun bugun jini, da hasara mai tsanani.Wasu daga cikin bututun huhu ana binne su a cikin rami kuma ba za a iya sanya ido kan yabo ba.Don tabbatar da buƙatar matsa lamba na tsarin a kowane hali, ma'aikatan gudanarwa na aiki suna ƙara yawan matsa lamba na tsarin gaba ɗaya ta hanyar 0.1 ~ 0.2MPa, suna gabatar da asarar matsa lamba na wucin gadi.Ga kowane 0.1MPa karuwa a iska compressor shaye matsa lamba, da ikon amfani da iska kwampreso zai karu da 7% ~ 10%.A lokaci guda, haɓakar matsa lamba na tsarin yana ƙaruwa da iska.Matakan gyare-gyare na ceton makamashi: canza bututun tsarin reshe zuwa tsarin madauki, aiwatar da rarrabuwar iskar iska mai ƙarfi da ƙarancin ƙarfi, da shigar da madaidaicin madaidaicin matsi mai girma da ƙaramin ƙarfi;canza bututun tare da babban juriya na gida yayin gyare-gyare na ceton makamashi, rage juriya na bututun, da tsarkake bangon ciki na bututu ta hanyar wanke acid, cire tsatsa, da dai sauransu, don tabbatar da cewa bangon bututun yana da santsi.
2 Leaka, gano zubewa da toshewa
Yawancin ɗigon ma'aikata yana da tsanani, adadin yadudduka ya kai 20% ~ 35%, wanda yafi faruwa a cikin bawuloli, gidajen abinci, sau uku, bawuloli na solenoid, haɗin da aka haɗa da murfin gaban silinda na kowane kayan amfani da gas;wasu kayan aikin suna aiki ƙarƙashin matsi, suna saukewa ta atomatik, kuma suna gajiya akai-akai.Lalacewar da yoyon ya haifar ya kusan wuce tunanin yawancin mutane.Kamar tashar walda ta mota na walda a cikin bututun iskar gas sakamakon ƙaramin rami na diamita na 1mm, asarar wutar lantarki har zuwa 355kWh kowace shekara, kusan yayi daidai da wutar lantarki na iyali mai mutum uku a shekara.Matakan ceton makamashi: Shigar da tsarin kula da ma'aunin kwarara don bututun iskar gas na babban taron samar da makamashi don sanin iyakacin amfani da tsari.Daidaita tsarin amfani da iskar gas, rage yawan bawuloli da haɗin gwiwa, da rage wuraren zubar da ruwa.Ƙarfafa gudanarwa da amfani da kayan aikin ƙwararru don dubawa akai-akai.A takaice, kamfanoni za su iya amfani da wasu na'urorin gwaji na ƙwararru kamar na'urar gano fashewar iskar gas ta layi ɗaya, bindigar sikanin ɗigo, da sauransu, don ɗaukar matakan hana tsarin iska da aka matsa da gudu, haɗari, digo da zubewa, don haka aiwatar da aikin kulawa. da kayan aikin maye gurbin.
Amfani da matsa lamba
Ana amfani da bindigogin iska sosai wajen kera ayyukan gamawa, injina da sauran wuraren aiki, kuma yawan iskar su ya kai kashi 50% na yawan iskar da ake samarwa a wasu yankunan masana'antu.A kan aiwatar da amfani da, akwai irin wadannan abubuwan kamar dogon iskar bututun iskar, da yawan samar da matsa lamba, yin amfani da madaidaiciyar bututun tagulla a matsayin bututun ƙarfe da karuwar matsi na aiki ba tare da izini ba daga ma'aikatan layin gaba, wanda ke haifar da babbar asarar iska.
M sabon abu na yin amfani da iskar gas a pneumatic kayan aiki ne kuma mafi shahara, kamar kayyade ko workpiece da aka makale a wurin da iskar gas baya matsa lamba ganewa, injin janareta iskar gas wadata, da dai sauransu Zun uninterrupted gas wadata sabon abu a lokacin da ba aiki.Wadannan matsalolin suna samuwa musamman a cikin tankunan sinadarai da sauran iskar gas da ake amfani da su don hadawa, da kuma masana'antar taya, kamar hauhawar farashin kayayyaki.Matakan gyare-gyare na ceton makamashi: Amfani da sabbin na'urori masu ceton kuzari da bututun iska da nau'in bindigar iska.Yin amfani da kayan aikin pneumatic na musamman a cikin masana'antu na musamman, kamar masana'antar aluminum don haɓaka amfani da bawul ɗin ceton iska na musamman.
Air kwampreso sharar zafi dawo da
Bisa ga dukkan kimantawar sake zagayowar rayuwa, 80% ~ 90% na makamashin lantarki da ake amfani da su ta hanyar damfara na iska an canza su zuwa zafi kuma suna tarwatsewa.Ana nuna rarraba wutar lantarki mai amfani da wutar lantarki na iska a cikin hoton da ke ƙasa, ban da zafin da ke haskakawa zuwa yanayin da aka adana a cikin iska da kanta, sauran kashi 94% na makamashi za a iya amfani da su ta hanyar dawo da zafi na sharar gida.
Sharar gida zafi dawo da ne ta hanyar zafi Exchanger da sauran dace wajen iska matsawa tsari zafi dawo da amfani da zafi iska ko ruwa, hankula amfani kamar karin dumama, aiwatar dumama da tukunyar jirgi make-up ruwa preheating.Tare da ingantaccen haɓakawa, 50% zuwa 90% na ƙarfin zafi za'a iya dawo dasu kuma a yi amfani da su.Shigar da na'urorin dawo da zafi na iya yadda ya kamata sarrafa zafin aiki na injin kwampreso na iska a mafi kyawun zafin jiki na aiki, don haka yanayin aiki mai lubricating ya fi kyau, kuma ƙarar ƙarar iska zata karu da 2% ~ 6%.Don injin damfara mai sanyaya iska, zaku iya dakatar da mai sanyaya injin damfara da kanta kuma kuyi amfani da famfo mai kewayawa don dawo da zafi;Ana iya amfani da injin damfara mai sanyaya ruwa don dumama ruwan sanyi ko dumama sararin samaniya, kuma adadin dawowa shine 50% ~ 60%.Sharar da zafi dawo da alaka da lantarki dumama kayan aiki kusan babu makamashi amfani;dangane da kayan aikin man fetur sifili hayaki, hanya ce mai tsafta da rashin muhalli ta ceton makamashi.Dangane da ka'idar nazarin asarar makamashi na tsarin iska mai matsewa, ana nazarin abubuwan da ake amfani da su na iskar gas da ba su da ma'ana da matakan ceton makamashi na masana'antar kuma an taƙaita su.A cikin sha'anin samar da makamashi-ceton canji, na farko ga daban-daban tsarin yi cikakken gwaji da kuma kimantawa, a kan tushen da aikace-aikace na dace ingantawa matakan cimma burin ceton makamashi, na iya inganta aiki yadda ya dace da dukan matsa iska tsarin.
Lokacin aikawa: Maris-02-2024
